Foundation cracks can be a homeowner’s worst nightmare—or just a minor inconvenience. Knowing the difference is crucial to maintaining your home’s structural integrity and peace of mind. While cracks are common in foundations, not all of them are signs of a serious issue. Here’s how to evaluate whether that crack is worth worrying about.

Understand the Type of Crack

Cracks in a foundation typically fall into three categories: hairline, vertical, and horizontal.

• Hairline cracks are small and narrow, often caused by the natural settling of your home or minor shrinkage in concrete as it cures. These cracks are usually harmless and easy to fix with a sealant.
• Vertical cracks are common and often less worrisome. They may occur due to normal settling or slight shifts in the soil beneath your home. If these cracks remain small (less than 1/8 of an inch wide), they can typically be monitored without alarm.
• Horizontal cracks, however, are a red flag. These often result from excessive pressure on the foundation walls, such as from expanding soil, hydrostatic pressure, or poor drainage. Horizontal cracks should be inspected by a professional immediately.

Measure and Monitor the Cracks

The size and progression of cracks are important indicators of their severity.

• Width: Cracks less than 1/8 of an inch wide are generally not serious, but anything wider may require attention.
• Movement: If you notice a crack that seems to widen or lengthen over time, it could signal ongoing structural stress. Regularly measuring cracks with a ruler or crack monitor can help track changes.
• Location: Pay attention to where the crack is. Cracks near corners, windows, or doors might indicate more significant foundation movement.

Look for Additional Warning Signs

Foundation cracks alone don’t always spell trouble, but when combined with other issues, they may point to a bigger problem. Look for:

• Doors or windows that stick or won’t close properly.
• Uneven floors or noticeable sloping.
• Gaps between walls and ceilings.
• Water seepage or dampness around the crack.

Take Action if Needed

If you suspect a crack is more than cosmetic, don’t ignore it. While small cracks can often be repaired with epoxy or sealants, larger or more suspicious cracks warrant a professional evaluation. A qualified contractor or structural engineer can assess the situation and recommend appropriate repairs to ensure your home remains safe and sound.

Sometimes, a crack is just a crack—but when it’s more, it pays to be proactive.